MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫INNODB 表損壞修復處理過程
突然收到MySQL報警,從庫的數(shù)據(jù)庫掛了,一直在不停的重啟,打開錯誤日志,發(fā)現(xiàn)有張表壞了。innodb表損壞不能通過repair table 等修復myisam的命令操作?,F(xiàn)在記錄下解決過程,下次遇到就不會這么手忙腳亂了。
處理過程:
一遇到報警之后,直接打開錯誤日志,里面的信息:
InnoDB: Database page corruption on disk or a failed InnoDB: file read of page 30506. InnoDB: You may have to recover from a backup. 130509 20:33:48 InnoDB: Page dump in ascii and hex (16384 bytes): ##很多十六進制的代碼 …… …… InnoDB: End of page dump 130509 20:37:34 InnoDB: Page checksum 1958578898, prior-to-4.0.14-form checksum 3765017239 InnoDB: stored checksum 3904709694, prior-to-4.0.14-form stored checksum 3765017239 InnoDB: Page lsn 5 614270220, low 4 bytes of lsn at page end 614270220 InnoDB: Page number (if stored to page already) 30506, InnoDB: space id (if created with >= MySQL-4.1.1 and stored already) 19 InnoDB: Page may be an index page where index id is 54 InnoDB: (index "PRIMARY" of table "maitem"."email_status") InnoDB: Database page corruption on disk or a failed InnoDB: file read of page 30506. InnoDB: You may have to recover from a backup. InnoDB: It is also possible that your operating InnoDB: system has corrupted its own file cache InnoDB: and rebooting your computer removes the InnoDB: error. InnoDB: If the corrupt page is an index page InnoDB: you can also try to fix the corruption InnoDB: by dumping, dropping, and reimporting InnoDB: the corrupt table. You can use CHECK InnoDB: TABLE to scan your table for corruption. InnoDB: See also http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/forcing-innodb-recovery.html InnoDB: about forcing recovery. InnoDB: A new raw disk partition was initialized or InnoDB: innodb_force_recovery is on: we do not allow InnoDB: database modifications by the user. Shut down InnoDB: mysqld and edit my.cnf so that newraw is replaced InnoDB: with raw, and innodb_force_... is removed. 130509 20:39:35 [Warning] Invalid (old?) table or database name '#sql2-19c4-5'
從錯誤日志里面很清楚的知道哪里出現(xiàn)了問題,該怎么處理。這時候數(shù)據(jù)庫隔幾s就重啟,所以差不多可以說你是訪問不了數(shù)據(jù)庫的。所以馬上想到要修復innodb表了。
以前在Performance的blog上看過類似文章。
當時想到的是在修復之前保證數(shù)據(jù)庫正常,不是這么異常的無休止的重啟。所以就修改了配置文件的一個參數(shù):innodb_force_recovery
innodb_force_recovery影響整個InnoDB存儲引擎的恢復狀況。默認為0,表示當需要恢復時執(zhí)行所有的 innodb_force_recovery可以設置為1-6,大的數(shù)字包含前面所有數(shù)字的影響。當設置參數(shù)值大于0后,可以對表進行select,create,drop操作,但insert,update或者delete這類操作是不允許的。 1(SRV_FORCE_IGNORE_CORRUPT):忽略檢查到的corrupt頁。 2(SRV_FORCE_NO_BACKGROUND):阻止主線程的運行,如主線程需要執(zhí)行full purge操作,會導致crash。 3(SRV_FORCE_NO_TRX_UNDO):不執(zhí)行事務回滾操作。 4(SRV_FORCE_NO_IBUF_MERGE):不執(zhí)行插入緩沖的合并操作。 5(SRV_FORCE_NO_UNDO_LOG_SCAN):不查看重做日志,InnoDB存儲引擎會將未提交的事務視為已提交。 6(SRV_FORCE_NO_LOG_REDO):不執(zhí)行前滾的操作。
因為錯誤日志里面提示出現(xiàn)了壞頁,導致數(shù)據(jù)庫崩潰,所以這里把innodb_force_recovery 設置為1,忽略檢查到的壞頁。重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫之后,正常了,沒有出現(xiàn)上面的錯誤信息。找到錯誤信息出現(xiàn)的表:
(index "PRIMARY" of table "maitem"."email_status")
數(shù)據(jù)頁面的主鍵索引(clustered key index)被損壞。這種情況和數(shù)據(jù)的二級索引(secondary indexes)被損壞相比要糟很多,因為后者可以通過使用OPTIMIZE TABLE命令來修復,但這和更難以恢復的表格目錄(table dictionary)被破壞的情況來說要好一些。
操作步驟:
因為被破壞的地方只在索引的部分,所以當使用innodb_force_recovery = 1運行InnoDB時,操作如下:
執(zhí)行check,repair table 都無效 alter table email_status engine =myisam; #也報錯了,因為模式是innodb_force_recovery =1。 ERROR 1025 (HY000): Error on rename of '...' to '....' (errno: -1)
建立一張表: create table email_status_bak #和原表結構一樣,只是把INNODB改成了MYISAM。 把數(shù)據(jù)導進去 insert into email_status_bak select * from email_status; 刪除掉原表: drop table email_status; 注釋掉innodb_force_recovery 之后,重啟。 重命名: rename table edm_email_status_bak to email_status; 最后該回存儲引擎 alter table edm_email_status engine = innodb
總結:
這里的一個重要知識點就是 對 innodb_force_recovery 參數(shù)的理解了,要是遇到數(shù)據(jù)損壞甚至是其他的損壞??赡苌厦娴姆椒ú恍辛?,需要嘗試另一個方法:insert into tb select * from ta limit X;甚至是dump出去,再load回來。
關鍵詞:MySQL,數(shù)據(jù)庫
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